CEFR B1 · Intermediate
B1 vocabulary - Intermediate
Words 1001–1500. Abstract ideas, opinions, and complex everyday topics - the threshold of genuine independence.
B1 is described by the CEFR as the "threshold" level - the point at which a learner becomes an independent user of the language. This is the level at which most standardised language tests (DELF B1 for French, DELE B1 for Spanish) confirm genuine communicative competence. The vocabulary at B1 becomes more abstract: society, process, opinion, experience, decision. These are words needed not just to describe the world, but to reason about it. Research by Nation and Waring shows that 1,500 words provides approximately 80% spoken language coverage - a major jump from the 75% at A2.
What you can do at B1
- ✦Understand the main points of clear speech on familiar subjects
- ✦Handle most situations likely to arise during travel
- ✦Write simple connected text on familiar or personal topics
- ✦Describe experiences, events, and briefly give reasons and explanations
- ✦Express opinions and discuss abstract topics in general terms
Why B1 is the independence threshold
The jump from A2 to B1 is qualitatively different from earlier level transitions. Below B1, learners largely depend on predictable, formulaic exchanges. At B1, they begin to improvise - to handle unexpected situations, express nuance, and negotiate meaning. The vocabulary needed to do this includes abstract nouns (opinion, process, decision), discourse markers (however, on the other hand), and a richer verb repertoire. At 1,500 words, roughly 80% of spoken language becomes accessible, which means the remaining 20% can often be inferred from context.
Sample words
Show words in
All levels